Lightpipe
see ADAT Lightpipe.
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Limiter
An automatic gain-control device used to restrict the dynamic range of an audio signal. A Limiter is a form of compressor optimised to control brief, high level transients with a ratio greater than 10:1.
Linear
A device where the output is a direct multiple of the input with no unwanted distortions.
Line-level
A nominal signal level which is around -10dBV for semi-pro equipment and +4dBu for professional equipment.
LKFS
see LUFS.
Load
An electrical load is a circuit that draws power from another circuit or power supply. The term also describes reading data into a computer system.
Local On/Off
A function to allow the keyboard and sound generating section of a keyboard synthesizer to be used independently of each other.
Logic
A type of electronic circuitry used for processing binary signals comprising two discrete voltage levels.
Loom
A number of separate cables bound together for neatness and convenience.
Monitor (also Loudspeaker )
A device used to convert an electrical audio signal into an acoustic sound wave. An accurate loudspeaker intended for critical sound auditioning purposes. Also used to refer to a computer display screen (VDU), or the act of auditioning a mix or a specific audio signal.
Monitor Controller
A line-level audio signal control device used to select and condition input signals for auditioning on one or more sets of monitor loudspeakers. Some monitor controllers also incorporate facilities for studio talkback and artist cue mixes.
Mono
A single channel of audio.
Monophonic
One note at a time.
Monosynth
A synthesizer that can play only one note at a time (see also Polysynth and Paraphonic)
Motherboard
The main circuit board within a computer into which all the other components plug or connect.
Moving Coil Microphone
A dynamic microphone where the diaphragm supports a coil of wire which moves within a magnetic field. When sound causes the diaphragm to vibrate a small electrical current is generated within the coil. The same technology is used in reverse for a moving coil loudspeaker, in which a powerful current is passed through the coil, causing the diaphragm (cone) to move in response.
M-S (Mid-Side)
– A specialist form of coincident microphone array which, when decoded to left-right stereo, creates an equivalent XY configuration. In the MS array one microphone is pointed directly forward (Mid) while the second is arranged at 90 degrees to point sideways (Side). The Mid microphone can employ any desired polar pattern, the choice strongly influencing the decoded stereo acceptance angle. The Side microphone must have a figure-eight response and be aligned such that the lobe with the same polarity as the Mid microphone faces towards the left of the sound stage. Adjusting the relative sensitivity of the Mid and Side microphones affects the decoded stereo acceptance angle and the polar patterns of the equivalent XY microphones.
MTC (MIDI Time Code)
A format used for transmitting synchronisation instructions between electronic devices within the MIDI protocol.
Mult
An abbreviation of 'multiple output' (also known as a 'parallel-strip' in BBC parlance). Refers to a line-level signal splitting or distribution facility typically found on patchbays in which three or more sockets are wired together to allow an input signal to be shared with multiple destinations. As an entirely passive facility the operation relies on a very low source impedance and high destination (bridging) impedances to minimise the loss of signal level. Microphone 'mults' tend either to use transformers with multiple secondary windings or active buffer or distribution circuitry.
Multi-sample
The creation of several samples, each covering a limited musical range, the idea being to produce a more natural range of sounds across the range of the instrument being sampled. For example, a piano may need to be sampled every two or three semitones in order to sound convincing.