Talkback
A system designed to enable voice communication between rooms.
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Tape Head
The part of a tape machine that transfers magnetic energy to the tape during recording, or reads it during playback.
Tempo
The rate of the 'beat' of a piece of music measured in beats per minute.
Test Tone
– A steady, fixed level tone recorded onto a multitrack recording, or passed over a signal connection to test the signal path and act as a reference when matching levels.
THD
Total Harmonic Distortion. A measure of the linearity of a device. The THD+N measurement includes the noise contribution as well and is an indication of the quality of an audio product.
Thru
A MIDI connector which passes on the signal received at the MIDI in socket.
Timbre
The tonal 'colour' of a sound.
Timbral
Referring to the tones that can be created by a synthesizer (see multi-timbral and bi-timbral)
Track
The term dates back to multitrack tape where the tracks are physical stripes of recorded material, located side by side along the length of the tape.
Tracking
The process of recording individual tracks to a multichannel recorder. Tracking is also often discussed in the context of MIDI guitar synthesizers or controllers where the MIDI output attempts to track the pitch of the guitar strings.
Transformer
An electrical device in which two or more separate and electrically isolated coils of wire are wound around a common ferromagnetic core. Alternating Current passing through one coil creates a varying magnetic field which induces a corresponding current in the other coil(s). In audio applications transformers are often used to convey a signal without a direct electrical connection, thus providing 'galvanic isolation' between the source and destination. Winding a transformer with different numbers of turns for each coil allows the output voltage to be increased or decreased in direct proportion – a feature widely employed in mains power-supply transformers to reduce the mains voltage to something more appropriate for the circuitry, for example, or in microphone preamp step-up transformers.
Triangle Wave
A symmetrical triangular shaped wave containing odd harmonics only, but with a lower harmonic content than the square wave.
True Peak Meter
– A form of digital audio meter which is capable of determining the absolute amplitude value of a digital signal by using oversampling to fully reconstruct the waveform.
Truss Rod
A metal bar within a guitar neck which is tensioned so as to counteract the tendency for the neck to bend under the tension of the strings.
Tube
see Valve
Tweeter
The colloquial term to describe a loudspeaker drive unit optimised for the reproduction of high frequencies. (See Woofer).
Unbalanced
A 2-wire electrical signal connection where the signal conductor is surrounded by a screen which provides a 0V reference and also guards against electrical interference.
Unison
To play the same melody using two or more different instruments or voices.
Unity Gain
A condition where the output signal is the same amplitude as the input signal; the overall system gain is then x1 or unity.
USB
Universal Serial Bus. A computer interface standard introduced in 1996 to replace the previous standard serial and parallel ports more commonly used. The USB1.1 interface operated at up to 12Mb/s, but this was superseded in 2000 by USB2.0 which operates at up to 480Mb/s. Most USB interfaces can also provide a 5V power supply to connected devices. USB3.0 was launched in 2008 and is claimed to operate at rates up to 5Gb/s.
USB connectors can be indentified by having a blue insert in the Type-A sockets and the letters SS (SuperSpeed). The latest edition, USB3.1 (launched in 2013) offers transfer rates of 10Gb/s, approaching that of the first generation of Thunderbolt interfaces. Like earlier USB interfaces, the USB3 format provides a 5V power supply, but the current rating has been increased from USB2.0's 200mA (1.0 Watts) to 900mA (4.5 Watts), and sockets designated as charging sockets can manage 1500mA (7.5 Watts).